The module provides a framework for the use of genetic resources in fish production and selected approaches to change those genetic resources. Students will gain insights on the role of genetics as a component of production systems. Theoretical concepts on the various methods widely used to optimise the use of genetic population differences, individual fi sh, genomic differences and combinations of genetic populations (through mating) in production systems is focused. Specifically the students will be exposed to the various factors taken into account for optimising genetic improvement strategies over time, considering genomic and quantitative information available.