This module covers the physiology of the major organ systems (e.g. renal, hepatic, gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, skeletal, muscle and connective tissue), the homeostatic control of acid-base and electrolytes, and the changes that occur as a result of diseases. Emphasis is placed on explaining the underlying biochemical disturbances or metabolic derangements in diseased states and their appropriate evaluation and diagnosis using selective techniques. Topics include diagnostic enzymology, proteins in health and disease, disorders in carbohydrates, lipid and protein metabolism (including inherited disorders), biochemical assessment in nutritional disorders, hypertension and malignancy, therapeutic drug monitoring, and toxicological screening.