This module provides an introduction to the topics which are common to both analogue and digital communication systems. Topics will include modulation methods such as amplitude modulation / frequency modulation (AM/FM), tuned radio frequency (RF) receiver, electromagnetic wave propagation in free space and transmission lines, antennas, optical fibre and digital communication which includes digital sampling, digital modulation, source coding, channel coding and bit-error analysis. In addition, Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) is briefly covered. The relevance of these topics is illustrated by reference to existing communication systems such as the broadcasting systems, and analogue / digital communication systems.